Vietnam is one of the most delightful places in Southeast Asia. It is a land of stunningly varied landscapes: idyllic beaches in tranquil bays and stunning mountain scenery constantly compete for attention. The warm and hospitable people are now welcoming foreigners in a land that has had more than its fair share of the world’s spotlight. Having endured years of colonialism, war and communism, Vietnam is now open and encouraging the outside world to discover
a beautiful country and people.
Most people have heard of Saigon, Hue and Danang and when they think of Vietnam think of
shimmering rice fields, jungles and beaches, but much of this extraordinarily diverse country is
made up of mountains. The Northwestern region is home to the most stunning mountain scenery
in Vietnam, if not the whole of Southeast Asia. Fansipan Mountain, Vietnam’s highest peak,
and the hill station of Sapa, a retreat created by the French at the beginning of the century, is
one of the most scenic places in the region.
The valleys of Northwest Vietnam are home to a bewildering number of minority tribes, most of whom retain their unique tribal traditions. Named Montagnards, or mountain people, by the French, these colourful people still live as they have for centuries, forging a life high in the mountains. Easily distinguished by their colourful tribal costumes, the Hmong, Dai and Tsao are the most conspicuous of more than 100 different ethnic groups in the mountains.
Vietnam’s history is inescapable. Dien Bien Phu’s place in the country's history was assured when Ho Chi Minh led his People’s Liberation Army to a bloody but decisive victory over the French colonizers in 1954. The French, commanded by General Henri Navarre, had gone to enormous
lengths to build a fortified garrison that was considered impregnable. But they underestimated the resolve and resourcefulness of the Vietnamese, who, aided by many of the hill tribes, laid siege to
the town. After 54 days of constant battle, the Viet Minh burrowed and fought their way through the
French lines until finally on May 7, 1954, they were victorious. All 14,000 French troops were either
killed or taken prisoner. The battle ended France’s colonial domination of Indochina and was Vietnam’s first major victory in a war for independence that was to last another 21 years.